Science · Chemistry / Biology

Dilution Calculator

Pick the value you need, fill in the other three, and C₁V₁ = C₂V₂ does the rest. Great for making stock solutions or PBS / buffer dilutions.

C₁V₁  =  C₂V₂
Solve for:
Stock
C₁
V₁
Conc
Vol
Final solution
C₂
V₂
Conc
Vol
Solved value
V₁—
The dilution equation
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
C₁ and V₁ are the concentration and volume of the stock, C₂ and V₂ are the final concentration and final volume after adding solvent. Because the amount of solute is conserved, the two products are equal. To dilute a stock, solve V₁ = C₂V₂/C₁ and top up the rest with solvent. The dilution factor is V₂/V₁.

🔢 Four-way solver

Solve for C₁, V₁, C₂ or V₂ — just pick the unknown.

🔩 Lab units

M / mM / μM / nM and μL / mL / L convert automatically.

✅ Solvent check

Never lets you request a negative stock volume when C₂ > C₁.

📈 Worked steps

See the rearranged formula with every number substituted.

More solution chemistry

Molarity and concentration problems share the same logic.

Molarity Calculator